# Methylene Blue – 20mg × 100 tablets (Research Use Only)

### Overview

Methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride) is the oldest synthetic pharmaceutical compound in clinical use and one of the most studied redox-active small molecules in biomedical research. As a redox cycling agent that functions as an electron carrier between NADH and cytochrome c in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, methylene blue has attracted intense research interest in mitochondrial pharmacology, neuroprotection, and metabolic biology. Its ability to accept and donate electrons at multiple oxidation states — and to access the central nervous system — has made it a uniquely versatile research tool.

### What It Is

Methylene blue has molecular formula C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃S, MW ~319.85 Da, CAS number 61-73-4. It exists in two interconvertible redox states: oxidized methylene blue (blue) and reduced leucomethylene blue (colorless). In cellular systems, methylene blue bypasses Complex I dysfunction by shuttling electrons from NADH directly to cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV). It readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and accumulates in mitochondria.

### Key Research Applications

- Mitochondrial electron transport chain bypass and Complex I dysfunction research
- Cellular respiration, oxygen consumption, and ATP production studies
- Neuroprotection and tau protein aggregation inhibition research in neurodegeneration models
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and antioxidant defense mechanism studies
- Alzheimer’s disease preclinical modeling — amyloid and tau pathway research
- Cerebral blood flow, glucose metabolism, and neuroenergetics research
- Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition pharmacology and dopaminergic system studies
- Methemoglobinemia reversal mechanism — nitric oxide and hemoglobin interaction research

### Technical Specifications

| Compound | Methylene Blue (Methylthioninium Chloride) |
| --- | --- |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃S |
| Molecular Weight | ~319.85 Da |
| CAS Number | 61-73-4 |
| Mechanism | Mitochondrial Redox Cycling Agent / ETC Electron Carrier |
| Purity | ≥98% (supplier specification) |
| Form | Oral tablet (20mg) |
| Quantity | 100 tablets per bottle |
| Storage | Room temperature, protect from light |

**FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY.** Not intended for human or veterinary consumption, medical diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of any disease or condition. This product has not been evaluated by the FDA or any regulatory agency. Must be handled by qualified research personnel in a compliant laboratory setting. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.

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